Select one or more countries and years and generate tables for all five Indices of Social Development and the underlying indicators.
Contact: isd@iss.nl
Inclusion of Minorities measures levels of discrimination against vulnerable groups such as indigenous peoples, migrants, refugees, or lower caste groups. This measure focuses upon whether there is systemic bias among managers, administrators, and members of the community in the allocation of jobs, benefits, and other social and economic resources regarding particular social groups.
While there is not a large theoretical literature on the topic of ‘discrimination’ per se, there is a large empirical literature on specific categories of discrimination, for example where this is ethnically or racially motivated. In terms of its welfare benefits, the relationship between identity groups in a society has important consequences for the allocative efficiency of an economy, as norms of arbitrary discrimination lead to sub-optimal resource allocation by squandering human potential.
ISD measures the level of inclusion of minorities using indicators which are based on direct measurement of social institutions and their outcomes, and perception-based indicators, based on assessments by public opinion surveys, private agencies and non-governmental organizations, and proxy measures to measure the access to jobs and educational attainment.
Data Used
| Indicator | Source | Countries |
| Level of perceived discrimination among blacks and mulattos, among all those in country self-identifying into these groups |
Latinobarometer |
17 |
| Proportion of the public reporting that they are affected by discrimination due to skin colour or discrimination as immigrants |
Latinobarometer |
18 |
| Percentage citing "discrimination due to skin colour" and "discrimination against immigrants" affects me |
Afrobarometer |
18 |
| Proportion of population reporting that their economic situation is the ‘same’ as other ethnic groups in country |
Afrobarometer |
16 |
| Proportion of population reporting that their political situation is the ‘same’ as other ethnic groups in country |
Afrobarometer |
4 |
| Proportion of population reporting that their ethnic group is ‘never’ treated unfairly in country |
Afrobarometer |
16 |
| Rating on level of uneven economic development along group lines |
Fund for Peace |
176 |
| Level of ethnic tensions, International Country Risk Guide rating |
International Country Risk Guide |
140 |
| Level of religious tensions, International Country Risk Guide rating |
International Country Risk Guide |
140 |
| Proportion of the public who do not very much or not at all trust members of other religious groups |
World Values Surveys |
22 |
| Proportion of the public who do not very much or not at all trust members of other nationalities |
World Values Surveys |
21 |
| Proportion of the public citing “Being of the same social background” is very important or rather important for as successful marriage |
World Values Surveys |
22 |
| Level of economic and political discrimination against minorities in country |
Minorities at Risk |
118 |
| Proportion of the public who would reject members of another ethnic or caste group as neighbours |
World Values Surveys |
84 |
| Proportion of the public who would reject immigrants or foreign workers as neighbours |
World Values Surveys |
84 |
| Proportion of the public who would reject members of another religious group as neighbours |
World Values Surveys |
50 |
| Proportion of the public who would reject other language group as neighbours |
World Values Surveys |
28 |
| Proportion of the public who would reject Jews as neighbours |
World Values Surveys |
50 |
| Proportion of the public who would “Prevent Labour Immigration” |
World Values Surveys |
50 |
| Proportion of the public who are (strongly) against immigration (people of another race, from poorer countries) |
European Social Survey |
20 |
| Proportion of the public who think “immigration is bad for economy” |
European Social Survey |
20 |
| Proportion of the public who think “immigration is bad for cultural life |
European Social Survey |
20 |
| Proportion of the public who think “immigration makes country worse place to live”. |
European Social Survey |
20 |
| Educational Disparity Ethnic Groups |
Various household surveys |
75 |
| Occupational Disparity Ethnic Groups |
Various household surveys |
58 |
| OECD, Foreign/Native Labour Participation, across all educations |
OECD Factbook |
26 |
|
Level of perceived discrimination among blacks and mulattos, among all those in country self-identifying into these groups |
Latinobarometer |
17 |
|
Proportion of the public reporting that they are affected by discrimination due to skin colour or discrimination as immigrants |
Latinobarometer |
18 |
|
Percentage citing "discrimination due to skin colour" and "discrimination against immigrants" affects me |
Afrobarometer |
18 |
|
Proportion of population reporting that their economic situation is the ‘same’ as other ethnic groups in country |
Afrobarometer |
16 |
|
Proportion of population reporting that their political situation is the ‘same’ as other ethnic groups in country |
Afrobarometer |
4 |
|
Proportion of population reporting that their ethnic group is ‘never’ treated unfairly in country |
Afrobarometer |
16 |
|
Rating on level of uneven economic development along group lines |
Fund for Peace |
176 |
|
Level of ethnic tensions, International Country Risk Guide rating |
International Country Risk Guide rating |
140 |
|
Level of religious tensions, International Country Risk Guide rating |
International Country Risk Guide |
140 |
|
Proportion of the public who do not very much or not at all trust members of other religious groups |
World Values Surveys |
22 |
|
Proportion of the public who do not very much or not at all trust members of other nationalities |
World Values Surveys |
21 |
|
Proportion of the public citing “Being of the same social background” is very important or rather important for as successful marriage |
World Values Surveys |
22 |
|
Level of economic and political discrimination against minorities in country |
Minorities at Risk |
118 |
|
Proportion of the public who would reject members of another ethnic or caste group as neighbours |
World Values Surveys |
84 |
|
Proportion of the public who would reject immigrants or foreign workers as neighbours |
World Values Surveys |
84 |
|
Proportion of the public who would reject members of another religious group as neighbours |
World Values Surveys |
50 |
|
Proportion of the public who would reject other language group as neighbours |
World Values Surveys |
28 |
|
Proportion of the public who would reject Jews as neighbours |
World Values Surveys |
50 |
|
Proportion of the public who would “Prevent Labour Immigration” |
World Values Surveys |
50 |
|
Proportion of the public who are (strongly) against immigration (people of another race, from poorer countries) |
European Social Survey |
20 |
|
Proportion of the public who think “immigration is bad for economy” |
European Social Survey |
20 |
|
Proportion of the public who think “immigration is bad for cultural life” |
European Social Survey |
20 |
|
Proportion of the public who think “immigration makes country worse place to live”. |
European Social Survey |
20 |
|
Educational Disparity Ethnic Groups |
Various household surveys |
75 |
|
Occupational Disparity Ethnic Groups |
Various household surveys |
58 |
|
OECD, Foreign/Native Labour Participation, across all educations |
OECD Factbook |
26 |